London – A Creative Cluster or a Gentrification Problem?
東倫敦: 創意聚集地還是中產階級化問題？
London – A Creative Cluster or a Gentrification Problem?
在前肖迪奇時代，當伦敦東西部明顯分成兩個不同的經濟和種族階級时，那些倫敦西邊長大的人膽怯於涉足超越他們地理上的邊界。儘管被認為不安全和破舊，東倫敦仍有作為城市化藝術社區的優勢，那就是它的工業建築空間，就像一盞照亮城市藝術社區的明燈。今天，東倫敦正面臨著其工人階級逐漸增長的問題，中產階級一直增加的速度猶如資本騎著文化的東風。
In the pre-Shoreditch era, when East and West London were distinctly split between two tiers of economic and racial classes, those that grew up in London’s west end were shy to step foot past their geographical boundaries. Touted for being unsafe and rundown, the East still had one thing to offer in an urban and populated city, which was industrial floor space, a beacon for the city’s artistic community. Today, London’s east side faces a growing concern for its working-class population; gentrification has been increasing in speed as capital began riding on culture’s coattails.
霍斯頓，倫敦90年代文化復甦的起源。隨著房地產價格不斷攀升，那些不屬於那1%的上層階級或是不屬於中高產階級的地方，這就是藝術家和創作人的聚集的園地。他們被這些廢棄的貨倉、工作室和能夠負擔得起的生活所吸引。這種萌芽的社會生態系統同時也適用於新興的藝術創作地區在倫敦重複出現-公式為便宜的房地產價格和大量空間的搭配。起初在霍斯頓的創作社區開始自己成形，成為創作前沿。
Hoxton, the origin of London’s cultural scene came to life in the 1990s. With property prices continually rising, those that did not belong to the 1% or the upper-middle class genre, namely artists and creatives, flocked to the area; attracted by vacant warehouses and workshops and affordable standards of living. This budding ecosystem can be seen repeated in London’s new up-and-coming creative areas – a formula of cheaper property prices and abundance of space. This creative community lying in Hoxton began to form its own scene, a touch of edgy-cool and the cutting edge.
這個區域已經孕育了很多倫敦的時尚設計師。最新的Alexander McQueen設計師也是在這個藝術空間長大的，他的工作室和家都在倫敦的最東邊。倫敦時尚個性代名詞的清單也包括這個生態系統，當中包括Christopher Kane, Gareth Pugh 和西太后的公司,他們在90年代早期都比較困難，是在卡姆登街上的小店。反對鄰區的富裕成為最完美的表達；其創作力和實驗性不斷壯大，最終成就了倫敦的時尚與這些天才設計師。
The lifeblood of this area has housed many of London’s fashion designers; the late Alexander McQueen had thrived in this neighborhood, his workshop and home set-up in the East end. The list of famed fashion personalities synonymous with London’s fashion industry that had been part of this ecosystem includes Christopher Kane, Gareth Pugh and Vivienne Westwood - Westwood’s company,struggling in the early 90s was run in a small shop space based on Camden High Street. The backlash against its rich neighbors was the perfect grounds to which expression; creativity and experimentation grew and ultimately defined London’s fashion scene and its established designers.
現在霍斯頓-肖迪奇地區因“潮”而聞名，很多遊客和本地人穿街過巷來到最近新開手工“Cereal Killer Café”。中高層也開始打破邊界，利用這些價格低廉的房產，成為前衛的吸引力，還有翻新的區域已經搬去那些很快就成為紳士階級化的地方，如哈克尼，達爾斯頓和佩卡姆。
Now the Hoxton-Shoreditch area is known for its ‘hipster’ appeal, where tourists and local frequent brick lane for the recently opened over-hyped ‘Cereal Killer Café’ to the artisanal coffee shops on offer. The upper-middle class has now edged its way in, to exploit cheaper property prices and to become a part of its edgy appeal, while those that have refurbished this area have moved to Hackney, Dalston and Peckham, places that too are in danger of gentrification.
紳士階級化已經成為該地區最關心的問題，但同時也有助於倫敦文化的豐富與發展。哈克尼，達爾斯頓和佩卡姆區域的設計師包括有Jonathan Saunders, Holly Fulton, 和 James Long。這些重要地區已經被創意園區接手，成為今天的藝術聚集地。由於臨近地區的上層階級入侵，這些文化藝術區的房地產發展也在增加價格，因而成為了一個階級發展的惡性循環。那這對一個城市將來的時尚藝術業發展意味著什麼？倫敦是否能夠繼續保持其藝術的真實性？
Although gentrification is a growing concern for locals in the area, it has also been a helping hand in enriching London’s culture. Designers from the Hackney, Dalston and Peckham areas include those such as Jonathan Saunders, Holly Fulton, and James Long. These rundown areas taken over by creative due to displacement from London’s richer areas have built London’s artisanal culture to what it is today. With its upper-class neighbors becoming drawn towards these cultural areas creating a rise in property development, this vicious cycle of gentrification continues. What does it mean for the city’s future fashion and art industry and will London be able to keep its cultural authenticity?
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